Evaluation of the Nigerian Beverage Industry’s Total Quality Management
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/jestm.v5i2.214Keywords:
Quality, Total Quality Management, Beverage Industry, ProductAbstract
This study examines the implementation and effectiveness of Total Quality Management (TQM) practices within Nigeria’s beverage industry, focusing on eight critical factors: management leadership, quality department, training, product/service design, supplier quality management, process management, quality data and reporting, and employee relations. Data were collected from 92 respondents across five leading beverage companies using a validated questionnaire based on Black and Porter’s (2007) TQM framework. Descriptive analysis using IBM SPSS Statistics Grad Pack revealed that the overall level of TQM practice in the industry is moderate. Strengths were identified in the visibility and coordination of the quality department, process automation, and top management’s commitment to training. However, significant gaps exist in supplier quality management, availability and utilization of quality data, and employee involvement in quality decisions. The findings indicate that while foundational TQM elements are in place, strategic areas critical for achieving comprehensive quality excellence remain underdeveloped. The study underscores the importance of closing performance gaps through better supplier integration, data-driven decision-making, and enhanced employee feedback mechanisms. This research contributes to the understanding of TQM implementation challenges in emerging markets and provides practical insights for improving quality performance in Nigeria’s beverage sector.
References
Abdulkadir, K. (2023). Total quality as an effective tool for achieving customer satisfaction, patronage, productivity gains and sustainability in organizations. Studies in Economics and Business Relations, 4(2), 37-53. DOI:10.48185/sebr.v4i2.893
Addae-Korankye, A. (2013). Total quality management (TQM): A source of competitive advantage, a comparative study of manufacturing and service firms in Ghana. International Journal of Asian Social Science, 3(6),1293-1305.
Aichouni, A. B. E., Silva, C., Ferreira, L. M. D. F. (2024). A systematic literature review of the integration of Total Quality Management and industry 4.0: Enhancing sustainability performance through dynamic capabilities. Sustainability, 16(20), 9108. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16209108
Ajiga, D., Okeleke, P. A., Folorunsho, S. O. & Ezeigweneme, C. (2024). The role of software automation in improving industrial operations and efficiency. International Journal of Engineering Research Updates, 07(01), 022-035.
Alawag, A. M., Alaloul, W. S., Liew, M. S., Musarat, M. A., Baarimah, A. O. & Ammad, S. S. S. (2023). Critical success factors influencing total quality management in industrialised building system: A case of Malaysian construction industry. Ain Shams Engineering Journal, 14(2), 101877. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asej.2022.101877
Alhih, M. M., Tambi, A. M. A. & Yusof, Y. (2020). Total quality management and business excellence. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 10(12), DOI:10.6007/IJARBSS/v10-i12/8367
Ali, Y., Shah, S. W., Arif, A., Tlija, M., & Siddiqi, M. R. (2024). Intelligent Framework Design for Quality Control in Industry 4.0. Applied Sciences, 14(17), 7726. https://doi.org/10.3390/app14177726
Alotaibi, F., Yusoff, R. Z. & Islam, R. (2013). Assessing the impact of total quality management practices and quality culture with competitiveness of Saudi contractors. American Journal of Applied Sciences, vol. 10, no. 6, pp. 638-645.
Alawag, A. M., Alaloul, W. S., Mohamad, H., Liew, M. S., Awang, M. & Baarimah, A. O. (2025). Evaluating the role of critical success factors of Total quality management (TQM) implementation through Smart PLS in industrialized building projects (IBS). Ain Shams Engineering Journal, 16(3), 103294. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asej.2025.103294
Ameer, M. S. (2023). Impact of total quality management practices on supply chain management practices and firm performance. SSRN Electronic Journal. DOI:10.2139/ssrn.4338586
Anastasiou, S. & Ntokas, K. (2024). Leadership and Quality Enhancement in Secondary Education: A Comparative Analysis of TQM and EFQM. Merits, 4(4), 440-452. https://doi.org/10.3390/merits4040031
Bannor, R. K., Oppong-Kyeremeh, H., Boateng, A. O., Kyire, S. K. C., Bold, E., Nimo M. A. (2024). Total quality management practices among women shea processors: Implication for job performance and household expenditure. Cleaner and Circular Bioeconomy, 9, 10011. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clcb.2024.100118
Bernardi, F. A., Alves, D., Crepaldi, N., Yamada, D. B., Lima, V. C. & Rijo, R. (2023). Data quality in health research: Integrative literature review. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 25, e41446. doi: 10.2196/41446
Bisho, A. H. A. I. & Sam, M. F. M. (2022). Total quality management integrated strategy: Its implication to organizational success. Proceedings on Engineering Sciences, 4(3), 371-378. DOI:10.24874/PES04.03.014
Black, S. A. & Porter, L. J. (2007). Identification of the critical factors of TQM. Decision Sciences, 27(1), 1-21.
Bon, A. T. & Mustafa, E. M. A. (2013). Impact of Total Quality Management on innovation in service organizations: Literature review and new conceptual framework. Malaysian Technical Universities Conference on Engineering & Technology 2012, MUCET 2012. Procedia Engineering 53, 516 – 529.
Bousdekis, A., Lepenioti, K., Apostolou, D., & Mentzas, G. (2022). Data analytics in quality 4.0: literature review and future research directions. International Journal of Computer Integrated Manufacturing, 36(5), 678–701. https://doi.org/10.1080/0951192X.2022.2128219
Braimah, B. A. & Omoluabi, E. T. (2023). Total Quality Management (TQM) and the performance of fast-food business in Auchi, Edo State, South-South geo-political zone of Nigeria. Journal of Business Management, Innovation and Creativity, 2(2), 97-109.
Chen, J. K. (2023). Identifying critical success factors of total quality management via comprehensive assessment of soft and hard factors. The TQM Journal, 36(3), 679-701. https://doi.org/10.1108/TQM-03-2020-0058
Chukwu, B. A., Adeghe, R. I. & Anyasi, E. (2016). Impact of total quality management on performance of beverage companies in Nigeria. International Journal of Economics, Commerce and Management, 4(11), 190-201. http://ijecm.co.uk/
Culot, G., Podrecca, M. & Nassimbeni, G. (2024). Artificial intelligence in supply chain management: A systematic literature review of empirical studies and research directions. Computers in Industry, 162, 104132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compind.2024.104132
Czerwińska, K., Pacana, A., & Ostasz, G. (2025). A Model for Sustainable Quality Control Improvement in the Foundry Industry Using Key Performance Indicators. Sustainability, 17(4), 1418. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17041418
Dautner, M. (2023). Navigating the Beverage Industry with ERP Systems. https://www.inecta.com/blog/navigating-the-beverage-industry-with-erp-systems
Faiesal, Z. & Aziz, N. A. B. A. (2018). Value of customer feedback in quality management for construction quality improvement: initial perspective review. International Journal of Economics and Management Studies, 5(11), 1-5. DOI:10.14445/23939125/IJEMS-V5I11P101
Farida, I. & Setiawan, D. (2022). Business strategies and competitive advantage: the role of performance and innovation. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 8(3), 163-178. https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc8030163
Geresom, I. & Hazarika, A. (2024). Implementation of total quality management (TQM) in tertiary institutions in Uganda: A case study of school of Hygiene-Mbale. Journal of Sustainable Development Innovations, 1(1), 1-15. DOI: 10.61552/JSI.2024.01.001
Handoyo, S., Suharman, H., Ghani, E. K. & Soedarsono, S. (2023). A business strategy, operational efficiency, ownership structure, and manufacturing performance: The moderating role of market uncertainty and competition intensity and its implication on open innovation. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 9(2), 100039. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joitmc.2023.100039
Hariyani, D., Hariyani, P, Mishra, S. & Sharma, M. K. (2024). Statistical analysis of total quality management employees, customers, suppliers, and management dimensions in hotel industries in Jaipur city, Rajasthan, India. Sustainability Analytics and Modeling, 4, 100033. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.samod.2024.100033
Hassenstein, M. J. & Vanella, P. (2022). Data quality—Concepts and problems. Encyclopedia, 2(1), 498-510. https://doi.org/10.3390/encyclopedia2010032
Hosen, S., Hamzah, S. R., Ismail, I. S., Alias, S. N., Aziz, M. F. & Rahman M. M. (2024). Training and development, career development, and organizational commitment as the predictor of work performance. Heliyon, 10(1), e23903.
Igbadio, A. & Asamber, U. (2021). Total Quality Management and performance of Small Medium Scale Enterprises (SMEs) in Nigeria. South Asian Research Journal of Business and Management, 3(6), 204-214.
Jaafreh, A. B. & Al-Abedallat, A. Z. (2013). The effect of quality management practices on organizational performance in Jordan: An empirical study. International Journal of Financial Research, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 93 – 109.
Juneja, D., Ahmad, S., Kumar, S. (2011). Adaptability of Total Quality Management to service Sector. International Journal of Computer Science & Management Studies, 11(2), 2231 –5268.
Kankaras, M. & Capecchi, S. (2025). Neither agree nor disagree: use and misuse of the neutral response category in Likert-type scales. Metron, 83, 111-140. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40300-024-00276-5
Karaev, F. (2023). The impact of competitive strategies on firm performance: the mediating role of market orientation and innovation: An empirical study of the Georgian beverage sector. Technology and Investment, 14, 119-135. doi: 10.4236/ti.2023.142007.
Karahana, M. & Mete, M. (2014). Examination of total quality management practices in higher education in the context of quality sufficiency. 2nd World Conference on Business, Economics and Management -WCBEM2013, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 109, 1292 – 1297.
Keelson, S. A., Cug, J., Amoah, J., Petrakova, Z., Addo, J. O., Jibril, A. B. (2024). The influence of market competition on SMES’ performance in emerging economies: Does process Innovation Moderate the Relationship? Economies, 12(11), 282. https://doi.org/10.3390/economies12110282
Kelly, R. C. & Perez, Y. (2025). What is Total Quality Management (TQM), and Why is it important? The Investopedia Express Podcast. https://www.investopedia.com/terms/t/total-quality-management-tqm.asp
Khadim, N., Thaheem, M. J., Ullah, F. & Mahmood, M. N. (2023). Quantifying the cost of quality in construction projects: An insight into the base of the iceberg. Springer Nature, 57, 5403-5429.
Khan, R. A., Mirza, A. & Khushnood, M. (2020). The role of total quality management practices on operational performance of the service industry. International Journal for Quality Research, 14(2), 439-454. DOI:10.24874/IJQR14.02-07
Koo, M. & Yang, S.-W. (2025). Likert-Type Scale. Ncyclopedia, 5(1), 18. https://doi.org/10.3390/encyclopedia5010018
Martins, P. S. (2021). Employee training and firm performance: Evidence from ESF grant applications. Labour Economics, 72, 10205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.labeco.2021.102056
Munizu, M. (2013). The impact of total quality management practices towards competitive advantage and organizational performance: Case of fishery industry in South Sulawesi province of Indonesia. Pakistan Journal of Commerce and Social Sciences, 7(1), 184-197.
Natarajan, R. N. (2024). Total quality management. Encyclopedia of Production and Manufacturing Management, 804-812. https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/1-4020-0612-8_997
Ngambi, M. T. & Nkemkiafu, A. G. (2015). The impact of total quality management on firm’s organizational performance. American Journal of Management, 15(4), 69 – 85.
Obokoh, L. O. & Goldman, G. (2016). Infrastructure deficiency and the performance of small and medium sized enterprises in nigeria’s liberalised economy, Acta Commercii, 16(1). DOI:10.4102/ac.v16i1.339
Omogbiya, O. S. & Addah, G. O. (2016). Effect of total quality management on the Performance of brewery industry in Nigeria: An empirical study of selected breweries in Lagos State, Nigeria. NG-Journal of Social Development, 5(2), 114 – 121.
Parshuram, H. (2015). Total quality management as applied to service sector with relevance to Indian situations. Journal of Management Research and Analysis, 2(2), 127-132.
Parveen, K., Phuc, T. Q. B., Alghamdi, A. A., Kumar, T., Aslam, S., Shafiq, M. & Saleem, A. (2024). The contribution of quality management practices to student performance: Mediated by school culture. Heliyon, 10(15), e34892. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34892
Pujianto, S. (2024). Effectiveness of employee training and development in increasing productivity and innovation in multinational companies. Global International Journal of Innovative Research, 2(9), 2245-2256. DOI:10.59613/global.v2i9.325
Rubio-Andres, M. Linuesa-Langro, J., Gutierrez-Broncano, S. & Sastre-Castillo, M. A. (2024). How to improve market performance through competitive strategy and innovation in entrepreneurial SMEs. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 20, 1677-1706.
Sadikoglu, E. & Okay, H. (2014). The effects of total quality management practices on performance and the reasons of and the barriers to TQM practices in turkey. Hindawi Publishing Corporation. Advances in Decision Sciences, 1 – 17.
Shamsuzzoha, A. & Pelkonen, S. (2025) A robotic process automation model for order-handling optimization in supply chain management. Supply Chain Analytics, 9, 100102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sca.2025.100102
Sweis, R. J., Ismaeil, A., Obeidat, B. & Kanaan, R. (2019). Reviewing the literature on total quality management and organizational performance, Journal of Business & Management (COES&RJ-JBM), 7(3), 192-215. DOI:10.25255/jbm.2019.7.3.192.215
Syduzzaman, Rahman, M., Islam, M., Habib, A. & Ahmed, S. (2014). Implementing total quality management approach in garments industry. European Scientific Journal, 10(34) 341 – 358.
Talib, F. (2013). An overview of Total Quality Management: Understanding the fundamentals in service organization. International Journal of Advanced Quality Management, 1(1), 1-20.
Talib, F., Rahman, Z. & Qureshi, M. (2010). The relationship between total quality management and quality performance in the service industry: A theoretical model. International Journal of Business, Management and Social Sciences, 1(1), 113-128.
Urbancova, H., Vrabcova, P., Hudakova, M. & Petru, G. J. (2021). Effective training evaluation: The role of factors influencing the evaluation of effectiveness of employee training and development. Sustainability, 13(5), 2721. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13052721
Uwadiegwu, O. (2015). Globalization and industrial development in Nigeria. IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science (IOSR-JHSS) 20(1), 62-122. www.iosrjournals.org
Vassos, V., Voltezou, A., Stavropoulos, A., Stavropoulou, E., Stefanis, C., Tsigalou, C., Nena, E., Chatzaki, E., Constantinidis, T. C., & Bezirtzoglou, E. (2024). The Role of Total Quality Management in the Pharmaceutical, Food, and Nutritional Supplement Sectors. Foods, 13(16), 2606. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13162606
Worlu, R. E. & Obi J. N. (2019): Total Quality Management practices and organizational performance. Covenant Journal of Business & Social Sciences (CJBSS). 10(1): 2006-0300.
Yimam, M. H. (2022). Impact of training on employees performance: A case study of Bahir Dar university, Ethiopia. Cogent Education, 9(1), 2107301. https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2022.2107301
Zehir, C., Ertosun, Ö. G., Zehir, S., Müceldilli, B. (2012). Total quality management practices’ effects on quality performance and innovative performance. International Conference on Leadership, Technology and Innovation Management, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 41, 273 – 280.
Zehir, S., & Zehir, C. (2023). Effects of Total Quality Management Practices on Financial and Operational Performance of Hospitals. Sustainability, 15(21), 15430. https://doi.org/10.3390/su152115430
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Oluranti Abiola, Ikechukwu Obi, Temitayo Ogedengbe, Adekola Oke
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
